This site is intended for use by adults at least 18 years of age.Yes, I am 18 or older.| No, I am not 18 or older.doi: 10.7417/CT.2015.1799.Protano C1, Di Milia LM1, Orsi GB1, Vitali M1.Author information1Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.AbstractThe e-cigarette, also known as e-cig, represents an emerging issue of great concern for public health.The aim of the present report was to explore the scientific literature about the use of electronic cigarette (e-cig), with a particular reference to the features of "toxicological safety", "effectiveness in overcoming the addiction to smoking the traditional cigarette" and "necessary research agenda".The efficacy of e-cig for smoking cessation is uncertain: some authors found that it can be a valid support, but long-term cessation rate has not be assessed.Other studies evidenced that e-cig is often used not for quitting smoking but to avoid smoking ban for traditional cigarettes and, even, some researches evidenced that it appears to contribute to nicotine addiction.

E-cig smoking seems to be less dangerous of conventional cigarettes, but its use is not risk-free.Besides, cases of accidental or intentional poisoning with liquid solutions of e-cig have been reported.Also, the smoke of e-cig decreases indoor air quality, releasing particulate matter and other toxics that can persist on surfaces for days and generating passive exposure.These phenomena are similar to environmental tobacco smoke produced by conventional smoking, that is the sum of second- and third-hand smoke.We propose to call them "environmental electronic smoke", "electronic-second- hand smoke" and "electronic-third-hand smoke", respectively.Uncertainties relating to e-cig features determined the sequence, in the short term, of warnings and regulations approved and then replaced.In conclusion, although in recent years many researches were performed, evidences is limited and there is a need to study in deep all these issues.KEYWORDS: E-cig; Electronic cigarette; Regulation; Smoking cessation; Toxicological safetyPMID: 25756258 [Indexed for MEDLINE] MeSH termsAir PollutantsAttitude to HealthElectronic Cigarettes/trends*HumansPublic Health/trends*Smoking/trendsSmoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data*SubstanceAir PollutantsFull Text SourcesSocieta Editrice Universo, srl - PDFMedicalE-Cigarettes - MedlinePlus Health InformationQuitting Smoking - MedlinePlus Health Information

Electronic cigarettes: Not a safe way to light upE-cigarettes are popular alternatives to regular cigarettes, but are they safe?By Mayo Clinic Staff Electronic cigarettes, often called e-cigarettes, are battery-operated devices that heat a liquid (usually but not always containing nicotine), turning it into a vapor that can be inhaled.Using e-cigarettes is often referred to as vaping.e-cigarette svapoElectronic cigarettes come in a variety of designs.e cigarette 13009Some are sold with filled cartridges, while others are designed so that users can add a solution that's purchased separately.e cigarette tv advert youtubeThe solutions typically contain vegetable glycerin or propylene glycol as the main ingredients, varying amounts of nicotine, flavorings and other additives.e cigarette before blood test

There's no scientific evidence that using e-cigarettes is safe.Because e-cigarettes don't burn tobacco, most experts agree that they're likely to cause fewer harmful effects than traditional cigarettes.Most e-cigarette manufacturers claim that their products are a safe alternative to conventional cigarettes.However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has questioned the safety of these products.e cigarette avion air franceResearchers have found that some e-cigarettes have nicotine amounts that are very different from what's on the label.e cigarette aurora ontarioIn addition, some flavoring agents and other additives have been shown to be toxic.The long-term health effects of inhaling vegetable glycerin, propylene glycol and other additives are not known.The FDA and many health care organizations, including the American Heart Association, have issued warnings about the health risks of e-cigarettes.

References Yamin CK, et al.E-cigarettes: A rapidly growing internet phenomenon.Annals of Internal Medicine.FDA and public health officials warn about electronic cigarettes.Food and Drug Administration.Accessed May 16, 2016.Drew AM, et al.Electronic cigarettes: Cautions and concerns.Vaporizers, e-cigarettes, and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS).Hays JT (expert opinion).Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.Breland A, et al.Electronic cigarettes: What are they and what do they do?Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.Pisinger C, et al.A systematic review of health effects of electronic cigarettes.Ebbert JO, et al.Counseling patients on the use of electronic cigarettes.McRobbie H, et al.Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.Bhatnagar A, et al.Electronic cigarettes: A policy statement from the American Heart Association.Behavioral and pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant women: U.S.

Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.Barbara Woodward Lips Patient Education Center.Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2014.Imports in 2016 View Report (PDF, 11 pages) Additional Materials: Full Report: (PDF, 11 pages) Accessible Version: (PDF, 10 pages) Contact: The federal government began collecting data on U.S.imports of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on January 1, 2016.We analyzed these new data and found that the value of U.S.e-cigarette imports totaled about $342 million in 2016—and brought in about $9 million in tariff revenue.E-cigarette devices accounted for nearly 60% of the value of these imports, parts for nearly 32%, and liquid for almost 9%.And, although e-cigarettes were imported from 41 countries, China accounted for 91% of imports by value.Types of e-cigarettes and e-cigarette parts Additional Materials: Full Report: (PDF, 11 pages) Accessible Version: (PDF, 10 pages) Contact: What GAO Found In calendar year 2016, customs value of U.S.

e-cigarette imports was about $342 million resulting in about $9 million in tariff revenue.E-cigarette devices accounted for $204 million (or almost 60 percent), e-cigarette parts for $108 million (almost 32 percent), and e-cigarette liquid for $30 million (almost 9 percent) of total customs value.Although e-cigarettes were imported from 41 countries in 2016, e-cigarette imports from China accounted for about 91 percent of these imports by customs value.In 2016, importers brought in 481,400 kilograms of e-cigarette liquid with higher nicotine content compared to 110,994 kilograms of liquid with lower nicotine content.From July through December 2016, importers brought in about 5.6 million e-cigarette devices with nicotine-containing liquid and about 5.3 million devices with nicotine-free liquid.e-cigarette imports cleared customs at 34 ports of entry; the top five ports of entry—Cleveland, Los Angeles, Savannah, Norfolk, and Seattle—accounted for 81 percent of U.S.e-cigarette imports by customs value in 2016.

Why GAO Did This Study Over the last decade, use of electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes, in the United States has grown rapidly as use of traditional cigarettes declined among both adolescents and adults.As GAO reported in May 2015, most e-cigarettes sold in the United States were thought to be imported, but e-cigarette import volume and tariff revenue were unknown because the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) did not contain separate statistical reporting numbers (also known as 10-digit HTS numbers or codes) specific to e-cigarettes.Instead, imports of e-cigarette devices, e-cigarette parts, and e-cigarette liquid were entered under HTS statistical reporting numbers that the U.S.International Trade Commission (USITC) calls basket categories, which cover a range of goods.In the fall of 2015, the Committee for Statistical Annotation of Tariff Schedules—comprising representatives from USITC, U.S.Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and the U.S.Census Bureau (Census)—established six new statistical reporting numbers for e-cigarette devices, parts, and liquid in the HTS, which went into effect on January 1, 2016.

import data are collected by CBP from records submitted by importers.These data are then incorporated into the official trade statistics published by Census.GAO analyzed import data for the new statistical reporting numbers for e-cigarettes for calendar year 2016, the first year such data were collected by the U.S.GAO used 2016 data that were available in February 2017 from the public Interactive Tariff and Trade DataWeb database maintained by USITC, which incorporates U.S.trade statistics published by Census.GAO assessed the reliability of the data by reviewing agency documents about U.S.foreign trade statistics and interviewing cognizant agency officials.GAO determined that the 2016 data on U.S.e-cigarette imports that were available in February 2017 were sufficiently reliable for the purposes of presenting annual descriptive statistics.What GAO Recommends GAO is not making any recommendations in this report.For more information, contact David Gootnick at (202) 512-3149 or gootnickd@gao.gov.

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